Richard the Lionheart (1157-1199) - King
of England 1189-1199
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Richard, commonly called ‘the Lionheart,’ was the eldest surviving son of King Henry II. He is best known for being completely uninterested in England. He barely spoke the language and hardly ever set foot in the country. Richard was a favourite with his mother, grew up in Poitiers and rebelled against his father a number of times. He spent most of his reign on Crusade in the Holy Land. He conquered Cyprus and twice almost took Jerusalem, but was ultimately unsuccessful in pushing back the Turks. While he was away, the King of France conspired with Richard’s brother, John, to overthrow him. Their plans were boosted by the homeward bound King getting himself imprisoned by the Holy Roman Emperor. Eventually, Richard did return home and John was defeated.
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